Audacity

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Using Audacity to remove vocals from mp3 files

media type="youtube" key="PqXiKYG3J7M" height="344" width="425" =**Vocal Removal**=


 * This page describes techniques which on **some**stereo tracks **may** allow you to remove or isolate vocals (or other parts of a recording) from the rest. || There is no universal, reliable way of doing this without having the original multi-track recordings. Different tracks will require different techniques to achieve maximum possible attenuation or isolation. This will depend on where the vocals are positioned in the stereo field, and on their [|frequency] //content compared to the rest of the audio.// ||  ||

** [[|edit]] Case 1: Vocals in the middle, instruments spread round them **
If the vocals are panned in the centre of a stereo track (fairly common in "pop" music tracks), the so-called "vocal removal" technique can //sometimes//be effective. This removes what is common to both tracks (i.e. the vocals), leaving behind what is different (i.e. the instrumentals). To try this technique in Audacity, split the stereo track into its left and right channels, make both mono, invert all (or a selected part) of one of them, and play back the result. See//[|this page]// of the //[|Audacity FAQ]// for step-by-step instructions on this technique, or a //[|YouTube video tutorial]// covering the same process. Note this removes everything panned in the centre, not just vocals. In pop music this can mean removing the bass and rhythm parts. Removal of the vocals is normally incomplete and will leave artifacts behind, especially where reverberation (echo) is used, and where there are backing vocals. Sometimes certain minor strands of the instrumentals are exposed which are completely covered in the uninverted mix. This technique works particularly poorly with tracks where a lot of stereo reverberation has been applied, as this spreads each sound source, and makes them very hard to extract from each other. 

** [[|edit]] Case 2: Vocals in one channel, everything else in the other **
If you have an unusual stereo track where the vocals are mixed hard into one channel and everything else hard into the other channel, you can simply split the stereo track into left and right and delete the vocal channel. To isolate the vocals rather than remove them, delete the other channel. To split a stereo track in Audacity, click on the downward pointing arrow at the top of the Track Panel (where the mute/solo buttons are ) then on Split stereo track. To delete one of the channels, click the [X] to left of the downward pointing arrow. If you delete the wrong channel, use Edit > Undo to get it back. Finally, click the downward pointing arrow again and choose "Mono", so that the track will play out of both speakers.



** [[|edit]] Plug-ins **
As well as the above methods supported in Audacity itself, there are various third-party plug-ins that can be used to try and remove or isolate vocals. 

[[|edit]] Center Pan Remover (Vocal Remover)
There is a Nyquist plug-in called //[|Center Pan Remover]//**‡** which automates the steps involved in Case 1 above. It also has an option to set a slider to "0 (band)" then choose specified frequencies to remove, instead of inverting the whole of one channel. This may be less destructive of the non-vocal parts of the music. To install this plug-in, place "centerpanremover.ny" in the Plug-Ins folder inside the Audacity installation folder. On Windows computers, this is usually under C:\Program_Files\Audacity. After restarting Audacity, select the track or audio you wish to remove the center-panned elements from and click Effect > Center Pan Remover... (it will be underneath the divider in the Effect Menu). Note that although two channels of output are produced, the result is mono because both channels will be panned to centre.
 * **‡** An improved version of this plug-in is now included in current versions of Audacity Beta at Effect > Vocal Remover (for center-panned vocals)... . It includes a Help screen and an extra option to retain a specified range of frequencies (so removing everything outside that range). ||



[[|edit]] Windows Plug-ins
Two Windows VST plug-ins are known of that can be used in Audacity for vocal removal and isolation. To try either of these VST plug-ins in Audacity, place the unzipped .dll file from the plug-in's zip folder, and the unzipped vst-bridge.dll from the Audacity //[|VST Enabler]// into Audacity's Plug-Ins folder. The Plug-Ins folder will be in the folder where you installed Audacity, usually C:\Program_Files\Audacity. On restarting Audacity, the new plug-in will appear in the Effect Menu underneath the divider. Should vst-bridge.dll not work, try the //[|previous VST Enabler for Windows]// (place the already unzipped VST_Enabler.dll in Audacity's Plug-Ins folder along with the plug-in's own .dll, then exit and restart Audacity). Note that all VST plug-ins in Audacity only have a generic tabular interface due to licensing restrictions imposed by Steinberg. There is also an additional commercial VST plug-in called **ExtraBoy** which offers useful functionality for those interested in vocal removal or modification of the different components of an audio track. There are two versions of this plug-in, but unfortunately neither work properly with the currently limited VST support that Audacity can offer. It seems that the processed audio is always completely silenced irresepective of the plug-in settings used. Both versions of ExtraBoy do function with other audio editors which offer full VST support, so you could always export a track from your Audacity Project as a WAV or AIFF file and process it in Extraboy in another editor. The //[|"lite" version of ExtraBoy]// is quite similar to VoiceTrap but offers some vocal removal ability on all tracks (not just on centre-panned vocals). It has two "vocal removal" algorithms (1) on the basis of the vocals' frequency characteristics, and (2) on the basis of their spread in the stereo spectrum. The two algorithms can be combined to obtain the best possible removal in a particular case, and full stereo information is preserved in the processed track. A "vocal isolation" algorithm is also provided. The //[|14 day full-featured "demo" version]// claims to be capable of isolating, removing, suppressing or enhancing //any// component of a stereo track, based on its identified frequency and spatial "signature". Naturally the author points out that the exact results are subject to the particular characteristics of each track. Multiple components of a track can be processed simultaneously (for example, to isolate piano and vocal, or enhance piano and bass). 
 * //[|**kn0ck0ut**]// (free) can sometimes remove vocals where they are not centre-panned but rather different in frequency make-up compared to the non-vocal parts of the track. It works on two mono tracks (split from a stereo track and made mono as above) by extracting the right channel frequencies from the left hand frequencies, leaving the "result" in the former left channel. Alternatively, if your vocals are centre-panned, this plug-in can often make a good job of isolating them from everything else.
 * //[|**Voicetrap**]// is a commercial plug-in featuring centre channel removal by frequency-based and cepstral methods (that is, not a simple subtraction of one channel from the other). It has an advantage over kn0ck0ut of providing stereo output for the "vocals removed" track, as well as offering isolation of centre-panned content. There is a demo version with a "mild" vocal removal setting (but no isolation ability) that works in Audacity.

[[|edit]] OS X Plug-ins
On OS X you can try the //[|voxReducer]// Audio Units plug-in (14 day free evaluation) in Audacity, as long as you use the current Beta version of Audacity. This requires OS X 10.4 or higher, although a legacy 1.3.3 version for OS X 10.3 is //[|still available]//. VoxReducer is similar to the Nyquist Center Pan Remover in that it aims to reduce the strength of centre-panned vocals, but differs in having a phase offset adjustment and a slider for adjusting the intensity of the vocal reduction. Try putting the voxReducer.component in either of these two locations: /Library/Audio/Plug-ins/LADSPA or ~/Library/Audio/Plug-ins/LADSPA or (as suggested by the program documentation): /Library/Audio/Plug-ins/Components or ~/Library/Audio/Plug-ins/Components